Delayed coking is a thermal cracking process used to convert heavy residues into lighter products and solid petroleum coke. It is a key refining unit that maximizes the value of bottom-of-the-barrel feedstocks, transforming them into valuable products such as naphtha, diesel, and gas oils.
This process involves heating heavy hydrocarbon residues in a furnace before transferring them to large coking drums, where thermal cracking occurs over time. The delayed coking process operates at high temperatures (450–500°C) and moderate pressures, allowing long-chain hydrocarbons to break down into smaller molecules.
One of the main outputs of delayed coking is petroleum coke, a solid carbon-rich byproduct used as a fuel or as a precursor for making electrodes in aluminum and steel production. Depending on its quality, petroleum coke can be categorized as fuel-grade coke or anode-grade coke.
The key advantage of delayed coking is its ability to process heavy, low-value residues that would otherwise be difficult to refine. By breaking down these feedstocks, refineries can extract additional value while minimizing waste.
Delayed coking also improves refinery economics by increasing overall product yield. By converting residual feedstocks into valuable fuels, refiners enhance profitability and reduce reliance on external crude oil supplies.
However, the process presents challenges, including high energy consumption and the need for careful operational control to prevent coke buildup. Effective monitoring and advanced process control systems are essential for optimizing performance.
To improve sustainability, refiners are exploring ways to reduce CO₂ emissions from petroleum coke combustion. Additionally, some research efforts focus on repurposing petroleum coke for battery applications and carbon capture technologies.
In conclusion, delayed coking is a critical refining unit that transforms heavy residues into valuable fuels and petrochemical feedstocks. By optimizing process conditions and exploring new applications for petroleum coke, refiners can maximize efficiency and sustainability.
As a leader in refining and petrochemicals, Daqm Refinery continues to invest in research and innovation, embracing emerging technologies to drive operational efficiency and competitiveness. By integrating digital transformation, smart refinery concepts, and advanced analytics, Daqm Refinery ensures continuous improvement in production performance, asset management, and sustainability practices.
Our clients rely on us to ensure seamless supply chain operations, and their feedback reflects the trust and confidence they place in our services. Here are some testimonials from satisfied partners and customers who have experienced our dedication to excellence firsthand.
